https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.750
A systematic review on the role of therapist characteristics in the treatment of eating disorders
Submitted: January 16, 2024
Accepted: April 4, 2024
Published: July 10, 2024
Accepted: April 4, 2024
Abstract Views: 1206
PDF: 365
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 133
HTML: 29
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: 133
HTML: 29
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
Treating patients with eating disorders can be challenging for therapists, as it requires the establishment of a strong therapeutic relationship. According to the literature, therapist characteristics may influence intervention outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and synthesize existing literature on therapist interpersonal characteristics that could affect psychotherapy relationship or outcomes in the context of eating disorder treatment from both patients’ and therapists’ perspectives. We conducted a systematic search using electronic databases and included both qualitative and quantitative studies from 1980 until July 2023. Out of the 1230 studies screened, 38 papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. The results indicate that patients reported therapist’s warmth, empathic understanding, a supportive attitude, expertise in eating disorders, and self-disclosure as positive characteristics. Conversely, a lack of empathy, a judgmental attitude, and insufficient expertise were reported as therapist negative characteristics, which could have a detrimental impact on treatment outcome. Few studies have reported therapist’s perceptions of their own personal characteristics which could have an impact on treatment. Therapists reported that empathy and supportiveness, optimism, and previous eating disorder experience were positive characteristics. Conversely, clinician anxiety, a judgmental attitude, and a lack of objectivity were reported as negative characteristics that therapists felt could hinder treatment. This systematic review offers initial evidence on the personal characteristics of therapists that may affect the treatment process and outcomes when working with patients with eating disorders.
Ackerman, S. J., & Hilsenroth, M. J. (2003). A review of therapist characteristics and techniques positively impacting the therapeutic alliance. Clinical Psychology Review, 23(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7358(02)00146-0
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-7358(02)00146-0
Ágh, T., Kovács, G., Supina, D., Pawaskar, M., Herman, B. K., Vokó, Z., & Sheehan, D. V. (2016). A systematic review of the health-related quality of life and economic burdens of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 21(3), 353–364. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-016-0264-x
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-016-0264-x
Albano, G., Cardi, V., Kivlighan, D. M., Ambwani, S., Treasure, J., & Lo Coco, G. (2021). The relationship between working alliance with peer mentors and eating psychopathology in a digital 6‐week guided self‐help intervention for anorexia nervosa. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 54(8), 1519–1526. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23559
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23559
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
Banasiak, S. J., Paxton, S. J., & Hay, P. J. (2007). Perceptions of Cognitive Behavioural Guided Self-Help Treatment for Bulimia Nervosa in Primary Care. Eating Disorders, 15(1), 23–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/10640260601044444
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10640260601044444
Barkham, M., Lutz, W., Lambert, M. J., & Saxon, D. (2017). Therapist effects, effective therapists, and the law of variability. In L. G. Castonguay & C. E. Hill (A c. Di), How and why are some therapists better than others?: Understanding therapist effects. (pp. 13–36). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000034-002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0000034-002
Barron, J. W. (1999). Humor and psyche: Psychoanalytic perspectives. Analytic Press.
Björk, T., Björck, C., Clinton, D., Sohlberg, S., & Norring, C. (2009). What happened to the ones who dropped out? Outcome in eating disorder patients who complete or prematurely terminate treatment. European Eating Disorders Review, 17(2), 109–119. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.911
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.911
Bonfanti, R. C., Sideli, L., Teti, A., Musetti, A., Cella, S., Barberis, N., Borsarini, B., Fortunato, L., Sechi, C., Micali, N., & Lo Coco, G. (2023). The Impact of the First and Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Eating Symptoms and Dysfunctional Eating Behaviours in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients, 15(16), 3607. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163607
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163607
Bordin, E. S. (1979). The generalizability of the psychoanalytic concept of the working alliance. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research & Practice, 16(3), 252–260. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0085885
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/h0085885
Brown, A., Mountford, V., & Waller, G. (2014). Clinician and practice characteristics influencing delivery and outcomes of the early part of outpatient cognitive behavioural therapy for anorexia nervosa. The Cognitive Behaviour Therapist, 7, e10. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X14000105
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1754470X14000105
Brown, C. E., & Nicholson Perry, K. (2018). Cognitive behavioural therapy for eating disorders: How do clinician characteristics impact on treatment fidelity? Journal of Eating Disorders, 6(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-018-0208-0
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-018-0208-0
Castonguay, L. G., Constantino, M. J., McAleavey, A. A., & Goldfried, M. R. (2010). The therapeutic alliance in cognitive-behavioral therapy. In The therapeutic alliance: An evidence-based guide to practice. (pp. 150–171). The Guilford Press.
Christensen, M., & Hewitt-Taylor, J. (2006). Empowerment in nursing: Paternalism or maternalism? British Journal of Nursing, 15(13), 695–699. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2006.15.13.21478
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2006.15.13.21478
Clarkson, P. (2005). The therapeutic relationship (2. ed., reprint). Whurr.
Clinton, D. (2001). Expectations and Experiences of Treatment in Eating Disorders. Eating Disorders, 9(4), 361–371. https://doi.org/10.1080/106402601753454921
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/106402601753454921
Clinton, D., Björck, C., Sohlberg, S., & Norring, C. (2004). Patient satisfaction with treatment in eating disorders: Cause for complacency or concern? European Eating Disorders Review, 12(4), 240–246. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.582
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.582
Colton, A., & Pistrang, N. (2004). Adolescents’ experiences of inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa. European Eating Disorders Review, 12(5), 307–316. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.587
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.587
Compare, A., Tasca, G. A., Lo Coco, G., & Kivlighan, D. M. (2016). Congruence of group therapist and group member alliance judgments in emotionally focused group therapy for binge eating disorder. Psychotherapy, 53(2), 163–173. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000042
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000042
Constantino, M. J., Boswell, J. F., & Coyne, A. E. (2021). Patient, therapist, and relational factors. In Bergin and Garfield’s handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change: 50th anniversary edition, 7th ed. (pp. 225–262). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Constantino, M. J., Coyne, A. E., Boswell, J. F., Iles, B. R., & Vîslă, A. (2019). Promoting Treatment Credibility. In M. J. Constantino, A. E. Coyne, J. F. Boswell, B. R. Iles, & A. Vîslă, Psychotherapy Relationships that Work (pp. 495–521). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190843953.003.0014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190843953.003.0014
Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. (2017). CASP checklists. Retrieved from https://www.casp-uk.net/checklists
Daniel, S. I. F., Lunn, S., & Poulsen, S. (2015). Client attachment and therapist feelings in the treatment of bulimia nervosa. Psychotherapy, 52(2), 247–257. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038886
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038886
De La Rie, S., Noordenbos, G., Donker, M., & Van Furth, E. (2006). Evaluating the treatment of eating disorders from the patient’s perspective. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 39(8), 667–676. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20317
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20317
De La Rie, S., Noordenbos, G., Donker, M., & Van Furth, E. (2008). The quality of treatment of eating disorders: A comparison of the therapists’ and the patients’ perspective. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 41(4), 307–317. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20494
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20494
De Smet, M. M., Meganck, R., Van Nieuwenhove, K., Truijens, F. L., & Desmet, M. (2019). No Change? A Grounded Theory Analysis of Depressed Patients’ Perspectives on Non-improvement in Psychotherapy. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 588. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00588
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00588
De Vos, J. A., Netten, C., & Noordenbos, G. (2016). Recovered eating disorder therapists using their experiential knowledge in therapy: A qualitative examination of the therapists’ and the patients’ view. Eating Disorders, 24(3), 207–223. https://doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2015.1090869
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2015.1090869
Delgadillo, J., Branson, A., Kellett, S., Myles-Hooton, P., Hardy, G. E., & Shafran, R. (2020). Therapist personality traits as predictors of psychological treatment outcomes. Psychotherapy Research, 30(7), 857–870. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2020.1731927
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2020.1731927
Edward, K.-L. (A c. Di). (2014). Mental health nursing: Dimensions of praxis. Oxford University Press.
Elliott, R., Bohart, A. C., Watson, J. C., & Murphy, D. (2018). Therapist empathy and client outcome: An updated meta-analysis. Psychotherapy, 55(4), 399–410. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000175
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000175
Escobar-Koch, T., Banker, J. D., Crow, S., Cullis, J., Ringwood, S., Smith, G., Van Furth, E., Westin, K., & Schmidt, U. (2010). Service users’ views of eating disorder services: An international comparison. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 43(6), 549–559. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20741
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20741
Fairburn, C. G., Bailey-Straebler, S., Basden, S., Doll, H. A., Jones, R., Murphy, R., O’Connor, M. E., & Cooper, Z. (2015). A transdiagnostic comparison of enhanced cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT-E) and interpersonal psychotherapy in the treatment of eating disorders. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 70, 64–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2015.04.010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2015.04.010
Farber, B. A., Suzuki, J. Y., & Lynch, D. A. (2018). Positive regard and psychotherapy outcome: A meta-analytic review. Psychotherapy, 55(4), 411–423. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000171
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000171
Fox, J. R., & Diab, P. (2015). An exploration of the perceptions and experiences of living with chronic anorexia nervosa while an inpatient on an Eating Disorders Unit: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) study. Journal of Health Psychology, 20(1), 27–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105313497526
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105313497526
Galmiche, M., Déchelotte, P., Lambert, G., & Tavolacci, M. P. (2019). Prevalence of eating disorders over the 2000–2018 period: A systematic literature review. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 109(5), 1402–1413. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqy342
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqy342
Gelso, C. J., Kivlighan, D. M., & Markin, R. D. (2018). The real relationship and its role in psychotherapy outcome: A meta-analysis. Psychotherapy, 55(4), 434–444. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000183
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000183
Gold, J., & Stricker, G. (2011). Failures in psychodynamic psychotherapy. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 67(11), 1096–1105. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20847
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20847
Gowers, S., Clark, A., Roberts, C., Byford, S., Barrett, B., Griffiths, A., Edwards, V., Bryan, C., Smethurst, N., Rowlands, L., & Roots, P. (2010). A randomised controlled multicentre trial of treatments for adolescent anorexia nervosa including assessment of cost-effectiveness and patient acceptability – the TOuCAN trial. Health Technology Assessment, 14(15). https://doi.org/10.3310/hta14150
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3310/hta14150
Gulliksen, K. S., Espeset, E. M. S., Nordbø, R. H. S., Skårderud, F., Geller, J., & Holte, A. (2012). Preferred therapist characteristics in treatment of anorexia nervosa: The patient’s perspective. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 45(8), 932–941. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22033
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.22033
Halvorsen, I., & Heyerdahl, S. (2007). Treatment perception in adolescent onset anorexia nervosa: Retrospective views of patients and parents. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 40(7), 629–639. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20428
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20428
Hardy, G. E., Bishop-Edwards, L., Chambers, E., Connell, J., Dent-Brown, K., Kothari, G., O’hara, R., & Parry, G. D. (2019). Risk factors for negative experiences during psychotherapy. Psychotherapy Research, 29(3), 403–414. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2017.1393575
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2017.1393575
Heinonen, E., Lindfors, O., Härkänen, T., Virtala, E., Jääskeläinen, T., & Knekt, P. (2014). Therapists’ Professional and Personal Characteristics as Predictors of Working Alliance in Short‐Term and Long‐Term Psychotherapies. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 21(6), 475–494. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.1852
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.1852
Heinonen, E., & Nissen-Lie, H. A. (2020). The professional and personal characteristics of effective psychotherapists: A systematic review. Psychotherapy Research, 30(4), 417–432. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2019.1620366
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2019.1620366
Hersoug, A. G., Høglend, P., Havik, O., Von Der Lippe, A., & Monsen, J. (2009). Therapist characteristics influencing the quality of alliance in long-term psychotherapy. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 16(2), 100–110. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.605
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.605
Kaplan, A. S., & Garfinkel, P. E. (1999). Difficulties in Treating Patients with Eating Disorders: A Review of Patient and Clinician Variables. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 44(7), 665–670. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674379904400703
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/070674379904400703
Kolden, G. G., Wang, C.-C., Austin, S. B., Chang, Y., & Klein, M. H. (2018). Congruence/genuineness: A meta-analysis. Psychotherapy, 55(4), 424–433. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000162
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000162
Lambert, M. J., & Barley, D. E. (2001). Research summary on the therapeutic relationship and psychotherapy outcome. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 38(4), 357–361. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.38.4.357
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-3204.38.4.357
Le Grange, D., Crosby, R. D., Rathouz, P. J., & Leventhal, B. L. (2007). A Randomized Controlled Comparison of Family-Based Treatment and Supportive Psychotherapy for Adolescent Bulimia Nervosa. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64(9), 1049. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.64.9.1049
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.64.9.1049
Lingiardi, V., Muzi, L., Tanzilli, A., & Carone, N. (2018). Do therapists’ subjective variables impact on psychodynamic psychotherapy outcomes? A systematic literature review. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 25(1), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2131
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2131
Lo Coco, G., Gullo, S., Prestano, C., & Gelso, C. J. (2011). Relation of the real relationship and the working alliance to the outcome of brief psychotherapy. Psychotherapy, 48(4), 359–367. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022426
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022426
Lose, A., Davies, C., Renwick, B., Kenyon, M., Treasure, J., Schmidt, U., & on behalf of the MOSAIC trial group. (2014). Process Evaluation of the Maudsley Model for Treatment of Adults with Anorexia Nervosa Trial. Part II: Patient Experiences of Two Psychological Therapies for Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa. European Eating Disorders Review, 22(2), 131–139. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2279
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2279
Luborsky, L. (1985). Therapist Success and Its Determinants. Archives of General Psychiatry, 42(6), 602. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1985.01790290084010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.1985.01790290084010
Ma, J. L. C. (2008). Patients’ Perspective on Family Therapy for Anorexia Nervosa: A Qualitative Inquiry in a Chinese Context. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy (ANZJFT), 29(1), 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1375/anft.29.1.10
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1375/anft.29.1.10
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2010). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. International Journal of Surgery, 8(5), 336–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2010.02.007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2010.02.007
Nissen-Lie, H. A., Heinonen, E., & Delgadillo, J. (2023). Therapist factors. In S. D. Miller, D. Chow, S. Malins, & M. A. Hubble (A c. Di), The field guide to better results: Evidence-based exercises to improve therapeutic effectiveness. (pp. 79–106). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000358-005
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0000358-005
Offord, A., Turner, H., & Cooper, M. (2006). Adolescent inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa: A qualitative study exploring young adults’ retrospective views of treatment and discharge. European Eating Disorders Review, 14(6), 377–387. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.687
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.687
Oyer, L., O’Halloran, M. S., & Christoe-Frazier, L. (2016). Understanding the working alliance with clients diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Eating Disorders, 24(2), 121–137. https://doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2015.1034050
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2015.1034050
Palmer, R. L. (2000). Helping people with eating disorders: A clinical guide to assessment and treatment. Wiley.
Paulson‐Karlsson, G., Nevonen, L., & Engström, I. (2006). Anorexia nervosa: Treatment satisfaction. Journal of Family Therapy, 28(3), 293–306. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6427.2006.00353.x
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6427.2006.00353.x
Pettersen, G., & Rosenvinge, J. H. (2002). Improvement and Recovery from Eating Disorders: A Patient Perspective. Eating Disorders, 10(1), 61–71. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.425
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.425
Poulsen, S., Lunn, S., & Sandros, C. (2010). Client experience of psychodynamic psychotherapy for bulimia nervosa: An interview study. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 47(4), 469–483. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021178
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021178
Rance, N., Moller, N. P., & Clarke, V. (2017). ‘Eating disorders are not about food, they’re about life’: Client perspectives on anorexia nervosa treatment. Journal of Health Psychology, 22(5), 582–594. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105315609088
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105315609088
Reid, M., Burr, J., Williams, S., & Hammersley, R. (2008). Eating Disorders Patients’ Views on Their Disorders and on an Outpatient Service: A Qualitative Study. Journal of Health Psychology, 13(7), 956–960. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105308095070
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105308095070
Rorty, M., Yager, J., & Rossotto, E. (1993). Why and how do women recover from bulimia nervosa? The subjective appraisals of forty women recovered for a year or more. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 14(3), 249–260. https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-108X(199311)14:3<249::AID-EAT2260140303>3.0.CO;2-O
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/1098-108X(199311)14:3<249::AID-EAT2260140303>3.0.CO;2-O
Rosenvinge, J. H., & Klusmeier, A. K. (2000). Treatment for eating disorders from a patient satisfaction perspective: A Norwegian replication of a British study. European Eating Disorders Review, 8(4), 293–300. https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-0968(200008)8:4<293::AID-ERV346>3.0.CO;2-4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/1099-0968(200008)8:4<293::AID-ERV346>3.0.CO;2-4
Sheridan, G., & McArdle, S. (2016). Exploring Patients’ Experiences of Eating Disorder Treatment Services From a Motivational Perspective. Qualitative Health Research, 26(14), 1988–1997. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732315591982
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732315591982
Sideli, L., Lo Coco, G., Bonfanti, R. C., Borsarini, B., Fortunato, L., Sechi, C., & Micali, N. (2021). Effects of COVID‐19 lockdown on eating disorders and obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. European Eating Disorders Review, 29(6), 826–841. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2861
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2861
Simonds, L. M., & Spokes, N. (2017). Therapist self-disclosure and the therapeutic alliance in the treatment of eating problems. Eating Disorders, 25(2), 151–164. https://doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2016.1269557
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2016.1269557
Smith, V., Chouliara, Z., Morris, P. G., Collin, P., Power, K., Yellowlees, A., Grierson, D., Papageorgiou, E., & Cook, M. (2016). The experience of specialist inpatient treatment for anorexia nervosa: A qualitative study from adult patients’ perspectives. Journal of Health Psychology, 21(1), 16–27. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105313520336
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105313520336
Solomon, R. C. (2001). From rationalism to existentialism: The existentialists and their nineteenth-century backgrounds. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Stockford, C., Stenfert Kroese, B., Beesley, A., & Leung, N. (2018). Severe and Enduring Anorexia Nervosa: The personal meaning of symptoms and treatment. Women’s Studies International Forum, 68, 129–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2018.03.003
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2018.03.003
Thompson-Brenner, H., Satir, D. A., Franko, D. L., & Herzog, D. B. (2012). Clinician Reactions to Patients With Eating Disorders: A Review of the Literature. Psychiatric Services, 63(1), 73–78. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201100050
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ps.201100050
Tritt, A., Kelly, J., & Waller, G. (2015). Patients’ experiences of clinicians’ crying during psychotherapy for eating disorders. Psychotherapy, 52(3), 373–380. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038711
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0038711
Turner, H., Bryant-Waugh, R., & Marshall, E. (2015). The impact of early symptom change and therapeutic alliance on treatment outcome in cognitive-behavioural therapy for eating disorders. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 73, 165–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2015.08.006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2015.08.006
Vanderlinden, J., Buis, H., Pieters, G., & Probst, M. (2007). Which elements in the treatment of eating disorders are necessary ‘ingredients’ in the recovery process?—A comparison between the patient’s and therapist’s view. European Eating Disorders Review, 15(5), 357–365. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.768
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.768
Wampold, B. E. (2015). How important are the common factors in psychotherapy? An update. World Psychiatry, 14(3), 270–277. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20238
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20238
Wampold, B. E., & Owen, J. (2021). Therapist effects: History, methods, magnitude, and characteristics of effective therapists. In Bergin and Garfield’s handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change: 50th anniversary edition, 7th ed. (pp. 297–326). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Warren, C. S., Schafer, K. J., Crowley, M. E. J., & Olivardia, R. (2013). Treatment Providers With a Personal History of Eating Pathology: A Qualitative Examination of Common Experiences. Eating Disorders, 21(4), 295–309. https://doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2013.797318
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2013.797318
Wasil, A., Venturo-Conerly, K., Shingleton, R., & Weisz, J. (2019). The motivating role of recovery self-disclosures from therapists and peers in eating disorder recovery: Perspectives of recovered women. Psychotherapy, 56(2), 170–180. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000214
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000214
Wells, G. A., Brodsky, L., O’Connell, D., Shea, B., Henry, D., Mayank, S., & Tugwell, P. (2003, October). An evaluation of the Newcastle Ottawa Scale: an assessment tool for evaluating the quality of non-randomized studies. In XI International Cochrane colloquium book of abstracts (p. 26). Spain: Barcelona.
Werbart, A., Gråke, E., & Klingborg, F. (2023). Deadlock in psychotherapy: A phenomenological study of eight psychodynamic therapists’ experiences. In N. Gazzola, S. Iwakabe, & S. Knox, Therapeutic Failures in Psychotherapy (1a ed., pp. 28–46). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003439219-3
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003439219-3
Werz, J., Voderholzer, U., & Tuschen-Caffier, B. (2022). Alliance matters: But how much? A systematic review on therapeutic alliance and outcome in patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 27(4), 1279–1295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-021-01281-7
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-021-01281-7
Whitney, J., Currin, L., Murray, J., & Treasure, J. (2012). Family Work in Anorexia Nervosa: A Qualitative Study of Carers’ Experiences of Two Methods of Family Intervention. European Eating Disorders Review, 20(2), 132–141. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.1077
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.1077
Wilfley, D. E., Welch, R. R., Stein, R. I., Spurrell, E. B., Cohen, L. R., Saelens, B. E., Dounchis, J. Z., Frank, M. A., Wiseman, C. V., & Matt, G. E. (2002). A Randomized Comparison of Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Group Interpersonal Psychotherapy for the Treatment of Overweight Individuals With Binge-Eating Disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59(8), 713. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.59.8.713
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.59.8.713
World Health Organization. (1992). The ICD-10 classification of mental and behavioural disorders: clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines (Vol. 1). World Health Organization.
Wright, K. M., & Hacking, S. (2012). An angel on my shoulder: A study of relationships between women with anorexia and healthcare professionals: An angel on my shoulder. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 19(2), 107–115. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2011.01760.x
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2011.01760.x
Zaitsoff, S., Pullmer, R., Menna, R., & Geller, J. (2016). A qualitative analysis of aspects of treatment that adolescents with anorexia identify as helpful. Psychiatry Research, 238, 251–256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.045
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.045
Zaitsoff, S., Yiu, A., Pullmer, R., Geller, J., & Menna, R. (2015). Therapeutic engagement: Perspectives from adolescents with eating disorders. Psychiatry Research, 230(2), 597–603. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.10.010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.10.010
How to Cite
Albano, G., Teti, A., Scrò, A., Bonfanti, R. C., Fortunato, L., & Lo Coco, G. (2024). A systematic review on the role of therapist characteristics in the treatment of eating disorders. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome, 27(2). https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2024.750
Copyright (c) 2024 the Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.
Similar Articles
- Elliot Jurist, David Greenberg, Marissa Pizziferro, Rozita Alaluf, Michael Perez Sosa, Virtue, well-being, and mentalized affectivity , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 26 No. 3 (2023)
- Diego Sarracino, Alice Garavaglia, Emanuela S. Gritti, Laura Parolin, Marco Innamorati, Dropout from cognitive behavioural treatment in a case of bulimia nervosa: The role of the therapeutic alliance , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 16 No. 2 (2013)
- Violeta Stefania Rotărescu, Diana Bianca Matei, Ioana Alexandra Mircea, Andreea Maria Mirescu, Bogdan George Nedelescu, Daniela Georgiana Nedelea, Alexandra Nicoleta Raluca Neagu, Alexandru George Necșulescu, Gabriel Angelo Oteșanu, Lucian Constantin Tudor, How anxious did you feel during lockdown? The roles resilience, living environment, and gender play on the level of anxiety state during pandemic isolation , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 23 No. 3 (2020)
- Research Group for treatment for Anxiety and Depression, Psychotherapies for Anxiety and Depression: benefits and costs , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 20 No. 2 (2017)
- Ilaria Maria Antonietta Benzi, Nicola Carone, Laura Parolin, Gabriel Martin-Gagnon, Karin Ensink, Andrea Fontana, Different epistemic stances for different traumatic experiences: implications for mentalization , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 26 No. 3 (2023)
- Fernanda Munhoz Driemeier Schmidt, Guilherme Pacheco Fiorini, Vera Regina Rohnelt Ramires, Psychoanalytic psychotherapy and the pregnant therapist: a literature review , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 18 No. 2 (2015): Special issue on Qualitative and Quantitative Research in Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy: part 1
- Brigitte Holzinger, Franziska Nierwetberg, Larissa Cosentino, Lucille Mayer, DreamSenseMemory - a Gestalt-based dream-work approach embracing all our senses , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 24 No. 2 (2021): SPECIAL ISSUE "Working on dreams, from psychotherapy to neuroscience"
- Nicola Carone, Ilaria Maria Antonietta Benzi, Laura Muzi, Laura Antonia Lucia Parolin, Andrea Fontana, Problematic internet use in emerging adulthood to escape from maternal helicopter parenting: defensive functioning as a mediating mechanism , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 26 No. 3 (2023)
- Jose L. Vilchez, Mental footnotes: knowledge constructivism from logical thinking to personal beliefs and therapy , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 19 No. 2 (2016)
- Salvatore Gullo, Ilaria Misici, Arianna Teti, Michele Liuzzi, Enrico Chiara, Going through the lockdown: a longitudinal study on the psychological consequences of the coronavirus pandemic , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 23 No. 3 (2020)
<< < 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
