https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.639
‘Isolated together’: online group treatments during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review
Submitted: June 14, 2022
Accepted: October 3, 2022
Published: November 4, 2022
Accepted: October 3, 2022
Abstract Views: 2137
PDF: 518
HTML: 21
HTML: 21
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
Considering the emerging need to face the negative impact of the pandemic on mental health, social support, and access to health services, it became a critical issue to adapt to online group settings and create new group interventions to face the developing distress during this time. The aim of the current study is to investigate the main findings on OPGI conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic from March 2020 until March 2022, with a particular focus on: i) the therapeutic group factors; ii) what kind of OPGI works and for whom; iii) settings and emerging dimensions. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic review on scientific databases (PsychINFO, PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO) searching for studies published between March 2020 and March 2022. ‘Group intervention’ or ‘group therapy’ or ‘group treatment’ crossed with ‘COVID-19’ and synonymous, were used as keywords. Internet based intervention was used as an eligibility criteria during the full-text screening. A total of 1326 articles were identified, of which 24 met the inclusion criteria. Among all studies, with different participants and different orientations, data extracted supported psychological online group interventions as an effective approach to reducing psychological distress and increasing psychological resources in the interpersonal field. Our findings also showed that COVID-19 has led to new needs and issues, that require the investigation of new dimensions for online psychological interventions. Methodological and clinical implications will be discussed through a descriptive table related to setting characteristics. Recommendations are made for future research.
Amichai-Hamburger, Y., Klomek, A. B., Friedman, D., Zuckerman, O., & Shani-Sherman, T. (2014). The future of online therapy. Computers in Human Behavior, 41, 288-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.09.016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.09.016
Batastini, A. B., Paprzycki, P., Jones, A. C., & MacLean, N. (2021). Are videoconferenced mental and behavioral health services just as good as in-person? A meta-analysis of a fast-growing practice. Clinical psychology review, 83, 101944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101944
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101944
Biancalani, G., Franco, C., Guglielmin, M. S., Moretto, L., Orkibi, H., Keisari, S., & Testoni, I. (2021). Tele-psychodrama therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: Participants’ experiences. The Arts in Psychotherapy, 75, 1-8. 10.1016/j.aip.2021.101836
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2021.101836
Brouzos, A., Vassilopoulos, S. P., Baourda, V., Tassi, C., Stavrou, V., Moschou, K., & Brouzou, K. O. (2021a). “Staying Home - Feeling Positive “: Effectiveness of an online positive psychology group intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic. Current Psychology, 1-13. 10.1007/s12144-021-01613-x
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01613-x
Brouzos, A., Vassilopoulos, S. P., Romosiou, V., Stavrou, V., Tassi, C., Baourda, V. C., & Brouzou, K. O. (2021b). ‘Stay Safe-Feel Positive’ on the frontline: An online positive psychology intervention for police officers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Journal of Positive Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2021.1975161
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2021.1975161
Brouzos, A., Vassilopoulos, S. P., Stavrou, V., Baourda, V. C., Tassi, C., & Brouzou, K. O. (2021c). Therapeutic Factors and Member Satisfaction in an Online Group Intervention During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science, 6, 609-619. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41347-021-00216-4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41347-021-00216-4
Brusadelli, E., Ferrari, L., Benetti, M., Bruzzese, S., Tonelli, G. M., & Gullo, S. (2021). Online Supportive Group as social intervention to face COVID lockdown. A qualitative study on psychotherapists, psychology trainees and students, and community people. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process, and Outcome, 23(3), 279-290. https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2020.501
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2020.501
Bulik, C. M., Marcus, M. D., Zerwas, S., Levine, M. D., Hofmeier, S., Trace, S. E., Hamer, R. M., Zimmer, B., Moessner, M., & Kordy, H. (2012). CBT4BN versus CBTF2F: comparison of online versus face-to-face treatment for bulimia nervosa. Contemporary clinical trials, 33(5), 1056-1064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2012.05.008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2012.05.008
Burlingame, G. M., McClendon, D. T., & Yang, C. (2018). Cohesion in group therapy: A meta-analysis. Psychotherapy, 55(4), 384-398. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000173
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000173
Celia, G., Cavicchiolo, E., Girelli, L., Limone, P., & Cozzolino, M. (2021). Effect of online counselling on emotional outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: An innovative group intervention for university students using the Brain Wave Modulation Technique. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 00, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12512
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12512
de Mare, P. (1990). The development of the median group. Group Analysis, 23(2), 113-127. https://doi.org/10.1177/0533316490232002
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0533316490232002
Drysdale, M. T. B., McBeath, M. L., & Callaghan, S. A. (2021). The feasibility and impact of online peer support on the well-being of higher education students. The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice, 17(3), 206-217. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMHTEP-02-2021-0012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JMHTEP-02-2021-0012
Esposito, G., Karterud, S., & Freda, M. F. (2021). Mentalizing underachievement in group counseling: Analyzing the relationship between members’ reflective functioning and counselors’ interventions. Psychological Services, 18(1), 73-83. https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000350
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000350
Gentry, M. T., Lapid, M. I., Clark, M. M., & Rummans, T. A. (2019). Evidence for telehealth group-based treatment: A systematic review. Journal of telemedicine and telecare, 25(6), 327-342. https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X18775855
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X18775855
Gorbeña, S., Gómez, I., Govillard, L. Sarrionandia, S., Macía, P., Penas, P., & Iraurgi, I. (2021). The effects of an intervention to improve mental health during the COVID-19 quarantine: comparison with a COVID control group, and a pre-COVID intervention group. Psychology & Health, 37(2), 178-193. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2021.1936520
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2021.1936520
Gullo, S., Lo Coco, G., Di Fratello, C., Giannone, F., Mannino, G., & Burlingame, G. (2015). Group climate, cohesion and curative climate. A study on the common factors in group process and their relation with members attachment dimensions. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome, 18(1), 10-20. https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2015.160
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2015.160
Hechanova, M. R., Alianan Jr, A. S., Jocson, R. M., & Villasanta, A. P. (2021). Online resilience support groups during the COVID-19 pandemic: the Philippine experience. Mental Health and Social Inclusion, 26(1), 56-65. https://doi.org/10.1108/MHSI-06-2021-0038
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MHSI-06-2021-0038
Janis, R. A., Burlingame, G. M., Svien, H., Jensen, J., & Lundgreen, R. (2021). Group therapy for mood disorders: A meta-analysis. Psychotherapy Research, 31(3), 342-358. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2020.1817603
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2020.1817603
Johnson, J. E., Burlingame, G. M., Olsen, J. A., Davies, D. R., & Gleave, R. L. (2005). Group climate, cohesion, alliance, and empathy in group psychotherapy: Multilevel structural equation models. Journal of counseling psychology, 52(3), 310-321. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.52.3.310
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.52.3.310
Karagiozi, K., Margaritidou, P., Tsatali, M., Marina, M., Dimitriou, T., Apostolidis, H., Tsiatsos, T., & Tsolaki, M. (2021). Comparison of on Site versus Online Psycho Education Groups and Reducing Caregiver Burden. Clinical Gerontologist. https://doi.org/10.1080/07317115.2021.1940409
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/07317115.2021.1940409
Lazzaroni, E., Invernizzi, R., Fogliato, E., Pagani, M., & Maslovaric, G. (2021). Coronavirus Disease 2019 Emergency and Remote Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Group Therapy With Adolescents and Young Adults: Overcoming Lockdown With the Butterfly Hug. Frontiers in psychology, 12, Article 701381. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.701381
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.701381
Lecomte, T., Abdel-Baki, A., Francoeur, A., Cloutier, B., Leboeuf, A., Abadie, P., Villeneuve, & M., Guay, S. (2021). Group therapy via videoconferencing for individuals with early psychosis: A pilot study. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 15(6), 1595-1601. https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.13099
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.13099
Lemma, A., & Fonagy, P. (2013). Feasibility study of a psychodynamic online group intervention for depression. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 30(3), 367-380. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033239
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033239
Lewis, M., Stirk, S., Collie, H., Ansbro, Y., Johnson, R., Karyofylli, A., Woolley, J., & Erin, L. (2022). Nurturing attachments group: A virtual group intervention for adults caring for traumatized children in the context of COVID-19. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 27(1), 214-227. 10.1177/13591045211061807
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/13591045211061807
Salcuni, S., & Lingiardi, V. (2021). Free research contributions during pandemic period: research is still alive. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process, and Outcome, 24(1), 539. https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2021.539
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2021.539
Lleras de Frutos, M., Medina, J. C., Vives, J., Casellas‐Grau, A., Marzo, J. L., Borràs, J. M., & Ochoa‐Arnedo, C. (2020). Video conference vs face‐to‐face group psychotherapy for distressed cancer survivors: A randomized controlled trial. Psycho‐Oncology, 29(12), 1995-2003. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.5457
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.5457
Lo Verso, G. L., & Raia, T. (1998). Il gruppo psicodinamico come strumento di lavoro. Un inquadramento a partire dai testi (Vol. 29). FrancoAngeli.
Luborsky, L., Rosenthal, R., Diguer, L., Andrusyna, T. P., Berman, J. S., Levitt, J. T., Seligman, D. A., & Krause, E. D. (2002). The dodo bird verdict is alive and well--mostly. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 9(1), 2–12. https://doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.9.1.2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.9.1.2
MacKenzie, K. R. (1981). Measurement of group climate. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 31, 287–295. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207284.1981.11491708
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00207284.1981.11491708
Mancinelli, E., Gritti, E. S., Schiano Lomoriello, A., Salcuni, S., Lingiardi, V., & Boldrini, T. (2021). How Does It Feel to Be Online? Psychotherapists’ Self-Perceptions in Telepsychotherapy Sessions During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, Article 726864. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.726864
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.726864
Marmarosh, C. L., Forsyth, D. R., Strauss, B., & Burlingame, G. M. (2020). The psychology of the COVID-19 pandemic: A group-level perspective. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 24(3), 122–138. https://doi.org/10.1037/gdn0000142
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/gdn0000142
Marziali, E., & Garcia, L. J. (2011). Dementia caregivers’ responses to 2 internet-based intervention programs. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease & Other Dementias, 26(1), 36-43. https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317510387586
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317510387586
Messina, I., & Loffler-Stastka, H. (2021). Psychotherapists’ perception of their clinical skills and in-session feelings in live therapy versus online therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: a pilot study. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process, and Outcome, 24(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2021.514
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2021.514
Mirhosseini, S., Vaghee, S., Nabavi, F. H., & Vashani, H. B. (2021). Effect of online psychoeducational support on caring burden in family caregivers of COVID-19 patients: a parallel randomized controlled trial. Family Medicine and Primary Care Review, 23(3), 323-329. 10.5114/fmpcr.2021.108198
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5114/fmpcr.2021.108198
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., Altman, D., Antes, G., Atkins, D., Barbour, V., Barrowman, N., Berlin, A., J., Clark, J., Clarke, M., Cook, D., D’Amico, R., Deeks, J. J., Devereaux, P.J., Dickersin, K., Egger, M., … & Tugwell, P. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement (Chinese edition). Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine, 7(9), 889-896. https://doi.org/10.3736/jcim20090918
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3736/jcim20090918
Morland, L. A., Greene, C. J., Rosen, C. S., Foy, D., Reilly, P., Shore, J., He, Q., & Frueh, B. C. (2010). Telemedicine for anger management therapy in a rural population of combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized noninferiority trial. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 71(7), Article 20772. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.09m05604blu
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.09m05604blu
Naini, R., Mulawarman, M., & Wibowo, M. E. (2021). Online Group Counseling with Mindfulness-Based Cognitive and Solution-Focused Approach for Enhancing Students’ Humility. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 11, 561-566. 10.18178/ijiet.2021.11.11.1565
DOI: https://doi.org/10.18178/ijiet.2021.11.11.1565
Paul, J. J., Dardar, S., River, L. M., & St. John‐Larkin, C. (2022). Telehealth adaptation of perinatal mental health mother–infant group programming for the COVID‐19 pandemic. Infant Mental Health Journal, 43(1), 85-99. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.21960
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.21960
Rosendahl, J., Alldredge, C. T., Burlingame, G. M., & Strauss, B. (2021). Recent Developments in Group Psychotherapy Research. American journal of psychotherapy, 74(2), 52-59. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.20200031
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.20200031
Scharff, J. S. (2018). Clinical issues in analysis over the telephone and the internet. In J. S., Scharff, Psychoanalysis online, pp. 61-74. Routledge.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429478833-6
Scholl, J., Kohls, E., Görges, F., Steinbrecher, M., Baldofski, S., Moessner, M., & Rummel-Kluge, C. (2021). Acceptability and feasibility of the transfer of face-to-face group therapy to online group chats in a psychiatric outpatient setting during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal observational study. JMIR Formative Research, 5(7), Article e27865. https://doi.org/10.2196/27865
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/27865
Shapira, S., Cohn-Schwartz, E., Yeshua-Katz, D., Aharonson-Daniel, L., Clarfield, A. M., & Sarid, O. (2021). Teaching and Practicing Cognitive-Behavioral and Mindfulness Skills in a Web-Based Platform among Older Adults through the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(20), Article 10563. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010563
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010563
Smith-MacDonald, L., Lusk, J., Lee-Baggley, D., Bright, K., Laidlaw, A., Voth, M., Spencer, S., Cruikshank, E., Pike, A., Jones, C., & Bremault-Phillips, S. (2022). Companions in the Abyss: A Feasibility and Acceptability Study of an Online Therapy Group for Healthcare Providers Working During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, Article 801680. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.801680
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.801680
Somaiya, J., Thompson, A., O’Donoghue, B., & Brown, E. (2022). Delivery of an online psychosocial recovery program during COVID‐19: A survey of young people attending a youth mental health service. Early Intervention in Psychiatry, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.13280
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/eip.13280
Steiger, H., Booij, L., Crescenzi, O., Oliverio, S., Singer, I., Thaler, L., St-Hilaire, A., & Israel, M. (2022). In‐person versus virtual therapy in outpatient eating‐disorder treatment: A COVID‐19 inspired study. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 55(1), 145-155. https://doi.org/145-150. 10.1002/eat.23655
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23655
Suler, J. R. (2000). Psychotherapy in cyberspace: A 5-dimensional model of online and computer-mediated psychotherapy. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 3(2), 151-159. https://doi.org/10.1089/109493100315996
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/109493100315996
Thombs, B. D., Kwakkenbos, L., Levis, B., Bourgeault, A., Henry, R. S., Levis, A. W., Harb, S., Tao, L., Carrier, M., Bustamante, L., Duchek, D., Dyas, L., El-Baalbaki, G., Ellis, K., Rice, D. B., Wurz, A., Nordlund, J., Gagarine, M., Turner, K. A., … , & the SPIN-CHAT Patient Advisory Team and Program Facilitators on behalf of the Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network Investigators. (2021). Effects of a multi-faceted education and support programme on anxiety symptoms among people with systemic sclerosis and anxiety during COVID-19 (SPIN-CHAT): a two-arm parallel, partially nested, randomised, controlled trial. The Lancet Rheumatology, 3(6), 427-437. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(21)00060-6
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(21)00060-6
Vasta, F. N., Gullo, S., & Girelli, R. (2019). Psicoterapia psicodinamica di gruppo e ricerca empirica - Una guida per il clinico. [Group psychodinamic psychotherapy and empirical research – A guide for clinicians]. Alpes.
Wang, Y., Di, Y., Ye, J., & Wei, W. (2021). Study on the public psychological states and its related factors during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in some regions of China. Psychology, health & medicine, 26(1), 13-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1746817
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2020.1746817
Weinberg, H. (2020). Online group psychotherapy: Challenges and possibilities during COVID-19-A practice review. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 24(3), 201-211. https://doi.org/10.1037/gdn0000140
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/gdn0000140
Weis, R., Ray, S. D., & Cohen, T. A. (2020). Mindfulness as a way to cope with COVID‐19‐related stress and anxiety. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 21(1), 8-18. https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12375
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12375
Xu, W., Shen, W., & Wang, S. (2021). Intervention of adolescent’ mental health during the outbreak of COVID-19 using aerobic exercise combined with acceptance and commitment therapy. Children and Youth Services Review, 124, Article 105960. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.105960
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.105960
Yalom, I. D., & Leszcz, M. (2005). The theory and practice of group psychotherapy. New York: Basic Books.
Zerwas, S. C., Watson, H. J., Hofmeier, S. M., Levine, M. D., Hamer, R. M., Crosby, R. D., Runfola, C. D., Peat, C. M., Shapiro, J. R., Zimmer, B., Moessner, M., Kordy, H., Marcus, M. D., & Bulik, C. M. (2017). CBT4BN: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Online Chat and Face-to-Face Group Therapy for Bulimia Nervosa. Psychotherapy and psychosomatics, 86(1), 47-53. https://doi.org/10.1159/000449025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1159/000449025
Zhang, H., Zhang, A., Liu, C., Xiao, J., & Wang, K. (2021). A brief online mindfulness-based group intervention for psychological distress among Chinese residents during COVID-19: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Mindfulness, 12(6), 1502-1512. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-021-01618-4
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-021-01618-4
Ziadni, M. S., Gonzalez-Castro, L., Anderson, S., Krishnamurthy, P., & Darnall, B. D. (2021). Efficacy of a Single-Session “Empowered Relief “ Zoom-Delivered Group Intervention for Chronic Pain: Randomized Controlled Trial Conducted During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(9), e29672. https://doi.org/10.2196/29672
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2196/29672
How to Cite
Margherita, G., Muzii, B., Caffieri, A., Di Francia, A., & Somma, B. (2022). ‘Isolated together’: online group treatments during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome, 25(3). https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.639
Copyright (c) 2022 the Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.
Similar Articles
- Michael B. Buchholz, Horst Kächele, From turn-by-turn to larger chunks of talk: An exploratory study in psychotherapeutic micro-processes using conversation analysis , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 20 No. 3 (2017)
- Emanuela Brusadelli, Christian Schubert, Silvia Salcuni, Facing the coronavirus pandemic era , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 23 No. 3 (2020)
- Guillermo de la Parra, Paula Dagnino, Camila Valdés, Mariane Krause, Beyond self-criticism and dependency: structural functioning of depressive patients and its treatment , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 20 No. 1 (2017)
- Claudia Capella, Carolina Gutiérrez, Loreto Rodrìguez, Camila Gòmez, Change during psychotherapy: the perspective of children and adolescents who have been sexually abused , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 21 No. 1 (2018)
- Cristina Marogna, Floriana Caccamo, Analysis of the Process in Brief Psychotherapy Group: The Role of Therapeutic Factors , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 17 No. 1 (2014)
- Hubert de Condé, Emmanuelle Zech, Jochem Willemsen, The person behind the therapist: a recall study on significant events that contribute to therapists’ personal and professional development , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 27 No. 2 (2024)
- Alberto Stefana, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Joshua Langfus, Eduard Vieta, Eric Youngstrom, Development and preliminary validation of the Clinician Affective REsponse (CARE) scale , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 27 No. 1 (2024)
- Cristina Marogna, Emanuele Montanari, Silvio Contiero, Klodjana Lleshi, Dreaming during COVID-19: the effects of a world trauma , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 24 No. 2 (2021): SPECIAL ISSUE "Working on dreams, from psychotherapy to neuroscience"
- Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe, Tracy A. Prout, Lauren Ammar, Thomas Kui, Ciro Conversano, Assessing children’s defense mechanisms with the Defense Mechanisms Rating Scales Q-sort for Children , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 24 No. 3 (2021)
- Jule Bauckhage, Christian Sell, When and for whom do psychodynamic therapists use guided imagery? Explicating practitioners’ tacit knowledge , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 24 No. 3 (2021)
<< < 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
