https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.609
Coping strategies and mental health: A web-based survey among the Italian population dealing with COVID-19
Submitted: February 3, 2022
Accepted: May 29, 2022
Published: July 1, 2022
Accepted: May 29, 2022
Abstract Views: 2136
PDF: 809
HTML: 176
HTML: 176
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Authors
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to be a highly stressful event with a major impact on psychological mental health worldwide. The use of different coping strategies may change the perception of psychological well-being during the pandemic. The present study aims to explore psychological mental health in relation to sociodemographic variables and to analyse the coping strategies of the Italian population in dealing with COVID-19. Implications for clinical interventions are reported. A total of 537 individuals (>18) participated in the survey completing measures of sociodemographic data, general psychological well-being, and coping strategies. Results found that females, students, and unmarried people reported the lowest levels of well-being. Specifically, the coping strategy called positive attitude was positively correlated with psychological well-being, whereas avoidance and social support strategies negatively influenced well-being. Understanding beneficial coping strategies is central to optimally manage the long-lasting of the current COVID-19 situation and may be useful for mental health professionals in treating patients suffering psychologically from the pandemic.
Agbaria, Q., & Mokh, A. A. (2021). Coping with stress during the coronavirus outbreak: The contribution of big five personality traits and social support. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1-19. doi:10.1007/s11469-021-00486-2.
Andersen, K. G., Rambaut, A., Lipkin, W. I., Holmes, E. C., & Garry, R. F. (2020). The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2. Nature medicine, 26(4), 450-452. doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0820-9.
Babore, A., Lombardi, L., Viceconti, M. L., Pignataro, S., Marino, V., Crudele, M., Candelori, C., Bramanti, S. M., & Trumello, C. (2020). Psychological effects of the COVID-2019 pandemic: Perceived stress and coping strategies among healthcare professionals. Psychiatry Research, 293, 113366. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113366.
Baloran, E. T. (2020). Knowledge, attitudes, anxiety, and coping strategies of students during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 25(8), 635-642. doi:10.1080/15325024.2020.1769300.
Bodenmann, G., Meuwly, N., & Kayser, K. (2011). Two conceptualizations of dyadic coping and their potential for predicting relationship quality and individual well-being: a comparison. European Psychology 16, 255-266. doi:10.1027/1016-9040/a000068.
Boldrini, T., Girardi, P., Clerici, M., Conca, A., Creati, C., Di Cicilia, G., .& Lomoriello, A. S. (2021). Consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on admissions to general hospital psychiatric wards in Italy: Reduced psychiatric hospitalizations and increased suicidality. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, 110, 110304. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110304.
Brodeur, A., Clark, A. E., Fleche, S., & Powdthavee, N. (2021). COVID-19, lockdowns and well-being: Evidence from Google Trends. Journal of Public Economics, 193, 104346. doi:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104346.
Brusadelli, E., Ferrari, L., Benetti, M., Bruzzese, S., Tonelli, G. M., & Gullo, S. (2020). Online Supportive Group as social intervention to face COVID lockdown. A qualitative study on psychotherapists, psychology trainees and students, and community people. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process, and Outcome, 23(3), 279-290. doi:10.4081/ripppo.2020.501.
Casagrande, M., Favieri, F., Tambelli, R., & Forte, G. (2020). The enemy who sealed the world: effects quarantine due to the COVID-19 on sleep quality, anxiety, and psychological distress in the Italian population. Sleep medicine, 75, 12-20. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2020.05.011.
Caspi, Y., Gil, S., Ben-Ari, I. Z., Koren, D., Aaron-Peretz, J., & Klein, E. (2005). Memory of the traumatic event is associated with increased risk for PTSD: A retrospective study of patients with traumatic brain injury. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 10(4), 319-335. doi:10.1080/15325020590956756.
Davies, E. B., Morriss, R., & Glazebrook, C. (2014). Computer-delivered and web-based interventions to improve depression, anxiety, and psychological well-being of university students: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 16(5), e3142. doi:10.2196/jmir.3142.
Donato, S., Parise, M., Pagani, A. F., Lanz, M., Regalia, C., Rosnati, R., & Iafrate, R. (2021). Together against COVID-19 concerns: the role of the dyadic coping process for partners’ psychological well-being during the pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 11 doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.578395.
Dubey, S., Biswas, P., Ghosh, R., Chatterjee, S., Dubey, M. J., Chatterjee, S., Dubey, M. J., Chatterjee, S., Lahiri, D., & Lavie, C. J. (2020). Psychosocial impact of COVID-19. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 14(5), 779-788. doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.035.
Faustino, B., Vasco, A. B., Delgado, J., Farinha-Fernandes A., & Guerreiro, J. C. (2020). Exploring the impacts of COVID-19 related social distancing on loneliness, psychological needs and symptomatology. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome, 23(3), 222-230. doi:10.4081/ripppo.2020.492.
Finset, A., Steine, S., Haugli, L., Steen, E., & Laerum, E. (2002). The brief approach/avoidance coping questionnaire: Development and validation. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 7(1), 75-85. doi:10.1080/13548500120101577.
Flesia, L., Monaro, M., Mazza, C., Fietta, V., Colicino, E., Segatto, B., & Roma, P. (2020). Predicting Perceived Stress Related to the Covid-19 Outbreak through Stable Psychological Traits and Machine Learning Models. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(10), 3350. doi:10.3390/jcm9103350.
Fluharty, M., & Fancourt, D. (2021). How have people been coping during the COVID-19 pandemic? Patterns and predictors of coping strategies amongst 26,016 UK adults. BMC Psychology, 9(1), 1-12. doi:10.1186/s40359-021-00603-9.
Folkman, S., & Lazarus, R. S. (1985). If it changes it must be a process: study of emotion and coping during three stages of a college examination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48(1), 150. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.48.1.150.
Giallonardo, V., Sampogna, G., Del Vecchio, V., Luciano, M., Albert, U., Carmassi, C., Carrà, G., Cirulli, F., Dell’Osso, B., Nanni, M. G., Pompili, M., Sani, G., Tortorella, A., Volpe, U., & Fiorillo, A. (2020). The impact of quarantine and physical distancing following COVID-19 on mental health: study protocol of a multicentric Italian population trial. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00533.
Grasselli, G., Zangrillo, A., Zanella, A., Antonelli, M., Cabrini, L., Castelli, A., & Zoia, E. (2020). Baseline characteristics and outcomes of 1591 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 admitted to ICUs of the Lombardy Region, Italy. Jama, 323(16), 1574-1581. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.5394.
Grossi, E., Mosconi, P., Groth N., & Niero, M. A. G. (2002). Il Questionario Psychological General Well-Being. Versione Italiana. Edizioni ‘Mario Negri’, Milano. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_2309.
Gullo, S., Misici, I., Teti, A., Liuzzi, M., & Chiara, E. (2020). Going through the lockdown: a longitudinal study on the psychological consequences of the coronavirus pandemic. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process, and Outcome, 23(3), 211-221. doi:10.4081/ripppo.2020.494.
Gurvich, C., Thomas, N., Thomas, E. H., Hudaib, A. R., Sood, L., Fabiatos, K., & Kulkarni, J. (2021). Coping styles and mental health in response to societal changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 67(5), 540-549. doi:10.1177/0020764020961790.
Hooberman, J., Rosenfeld, B., Rasmussen, A., & Keller, A. (2010). Resilience in trauma‐exposed refugees: The moderating effect of coping style on resilience variables. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 80(4), 557. doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.2010.01060.x.
Kim, J. K., & Crimmins, E. M. (2020). Age differences in the relationship between threatening and coping mechanisms and preventive behaviors in the time of COVID-19 in the United States: Protection Motivation Theory. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process, and Outcome, 23(3), 239-246. doi:10.4081/ripppo.2020.485.
Kotera, Y., Ozaki, A., Miyatake, H., Tsunetoshi, C., Nishikawa, Y., & Tanimoto, T. (2021). Mental health of medical workers in Japan during COVID-19: Relationships with loneliness, hope and self-compassion. Current Psychology, 40(12), 6271-6274. doi:10.1007/s12144-021-01514-z.
Kowalczyk, O., Roszkowski, K., Montane, X., Pawliszak, W., Tylkowski, B., & Bajek, A. (2020). Religion and Faith Perception in a Pandemic of COVID-19. Journal of religion and health, 59(6), 2671-2677. doi:10.1007/s10943-020-01088-3.
Lathabhavan, R. (2021). Covid-19 effects on psychological outcomes: how do gender responses differ? Psychological Reports. doi:10.1177/00332941211040428.
MacCann, C., Fogarty, G. J., Zeidner, M., & Roberts, R. D. (2011). Coping mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and academic achievement. Contemporary educational psychology, 36(1), 60-70. doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2010.11.002.
Mahase, E. (2020). Covid-19: WHO declares pandemic because of ‘alarming levels’ of spread, severity, and inaction. Bmj, 368(March), m1036. doi:10.1136/bmj.m1036.
Mari, E., Fraschetti, A., Lausi, G., Pizzo, A., Baldi, M., Paoli, E., Giannini, A.M., & Avallone, F. (2020). Forced cohabitation during coronavirus lockdown in italy: a study on coping, stress and emotions among different family patterns. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(12), 3906. doi:10.3390/jcm9123906.
Mazza, C., Ricci, E., Biondi, S., Colasanti, M., Ferracuti, S., Napoli, C., & Roma, P. (2020). A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Italian people during the COVID-19 pandemic: immediate psychological responses and associated factors. International journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 3165. doi:10.3390/ijerph17093165.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879.
Polizzi, C., Lynn, S. J., & Perry, A. (2020). Stress and coping in the time of covid-19: pathways to resilience and recovery. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 17(2). doi:10.36131/CN20200204.
Prati, G. (2021). Mental health and its psychosocial predictors during national quarantine in Italy against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 34(2), 145-156. doi:10.1080/10615806.2020.1861253.
Qiu, J., Shen, B., Zhao, M., Wang, Z., Xie, B., & Xu, Y. (2020). A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations. General Psychiatry, 33(2). doi:10.1136/gpsych-2020-100213.
Quintiliani, L., Sisto, A., Vicinanza, F., Curcio, G., & Tambone, V. (2021). Resilience and psychological impact on Italian university students during COVID-19 pandemic. Distance learning and health. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 1-12. doi:10.1080/13548506.2021.1891266.
Rossi, C., Bonanomi, A., & Oasi, O. (2021). Psychological wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: the influence of personality traits in the Italian population. International journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 5862. doi:10.3390/ijerph18115862.
Rossi, R., Socci, V., Talevi, D., Mensi, S., Niolu, C., Pacitti, F., Di Marco, A., Rossi, A., Siracusano, A., & Di Lorenzo, G. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown measures impact on mental health among the general population in Italy. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 790. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00790.
Roth, S., & Cohen, L. J. (1986). Approach, avoidance, and coping with stress. American Psychologist, 41(7), 813. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.41.7.813.
Rusu, P. P., Hilpert, P., Beach, S. R., Turliuc, M. N., & Bodenmann, G. (2015). Dyadic coping mediates the association of sanctification with marital satisfaction and well-being. Journal of Family Psychology 29, 843-849. doi:10.1037/fam0000108.
Ryerson, N. C. (2020). Behavioral and psychological correlates of well-being during COVID-19. Psychological Reports. doi:10.1177/0033294120978160.
Sahu, P. (2020). Closure of universities due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): impact on education and mental health of students and academic staff. Cureus, 12(4). doi:10.7759/cureus.7541.
Schafer, K. M., Lieberman, A., Sever, A. C., & Joiner, T. (2022). Prevalence rates of anxiety, depressive, and eating pathology symptoms between the pre-and peri-COVID-19 eras: a meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 298, 364-372. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.115.
Sica, C., Latzman, R. D., Caudek, C., Cerea, C., Colpizzi, I, Caruso, M., Giulini, P., & Bottesi, G. (2021). Facing distress in coronavirus era: the role of maladaptive personality traits and coping strategies. Personality and Individuals Differences, 177, 110833. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2021.110833.
Sica, C., Magni, C., Ghisi, M., Altoè, G., Sighinolfi, C., Chiri, L.R., Franceschini, S. (2008). Coping orientation to the problems experiences-new Italian version (COPE-NVI). Psicoterapia Cognitiva e Comportamentale, 14(1), 27-53.
Sim, K., Chan, Y. H., Chong, P. N., Chua, H. C., & Soon, S. W. (2010). Psychosocial and coping responses within the community health care setting towards a national outbreak of an infectious disease. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 68(2), 195-202. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.04.004.
Taha, S. A., Matheson, K., & Anisman, H. (2013). The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic: The role of threat, coping, and media trust on vaccination intentions in Canada. Journal of Health Communication, 18(3), 278-290. doi:10.1080/10810730.2012.727960.
Tiet, Q. Q., Rosen, C., Cavella, S., Moos, R. H., Finney, J. W., & Yesavage, J. (2006). Coping, symptoms, and functioning outcomes of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress: Official Publication of The International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, 19(6), 799-811. doi:10.1002/jts.20185.
Tintori, A., Cerbara, L., Ciancimino, G., Crescimbene, M., La Longa, F., & Versari, A. (2020). Adaptive behavioural coping strategies as reaction to COVID-19 social distancing in Italy. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences. doi:10.26355/eurrev_202010_23449.
Wang, Y., Kala, M. P., Jafar, T. H. (2020). Factors associated with psychological distress during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the predominantly general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One, 15(12), e0244630. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0244630.
World Health Organization. (2020). Mental health and psychosocial consideration during the COVID-19 outbreak, 18 March 2020. World Health Organization. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/mental-health-considerations.pdf
World Medical Association. (2013). World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA, 20, 2191-2194. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.281053.
How to Cite
Rossi, C., De Salve, F., Agliati, M., & Oasi , O. (2022). Coping strategies and mental health: A web-based survey among the Italian population dealing with COVID-19. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome, 25(2). https://doi.org/10.4081/ripppo.2022.609
Copyright (c) 2022 the Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.
Similar Articles
- Alberto Stefana, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Joshua Langfus, Eduard Vieta, Eric Youngstrom, Development and preliminary validation of the Clinician Affective REsponse (CARE) scale , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 27 No. 1 (2024)
- Zelda G. Knight, The forward edge transference within self-psychology and the activation of inborn capacity through interpretation and internalization , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 24 No. 3 (2021)
- Sara Salzano, Isa Zappullo, Vincenzo Paolo Senese, Massimiliano Conson, Carmela Finelli, Mario Mikulincer, Phillip R. Shaver, Validation and psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Power Behavioural System Scale , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 26 No. 1 (2023)
- Christine Koddebusch, Christiane Hermann, A proposed conceptualization of therapeutic competence: the three level model , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 21 No. 1 (2018)
- Meltem Yilmaz, Kutlu Kağan Türkarslan, Ludovica Zanini, Dilara Hasdemir, Grazia Fernanda Spitoni, Vittorio Lingiardi, Transference interpretation and psychotherapy outcome: a systematic review of a no-consensus relationship , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 27 No. 1 (2024)
- Lucia Nuñez, Sofía Fernández, Nicolle Alamo, Nick Midgley, Claudia Capella, Mariane Krause, The therapeutic relationship and change processes in child psychotherapy: a qualitative, longitudinal study of the views of children, parents and therapists , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 25 No. 1 (2022)
- Helena Carvalho, Gil Nata, Paula Mena Matos, How secure is the secure base? Romantic attachment, emotion regulation, and psychotherapists’ role as secure base figures , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 27 No. 1 (2024)
- Guillermo de la Parra, Paula Dagnino, Camila Valdés, Mariane Krause, Beyond self-criticism and dependency: structural functioning of depressive patients and its treatment , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 20 No. 1 (2017)
- Rachele Mariani, Silvia Monaco, Christopher Christian , Michela Di Trani, Dreaming in quarantine: linguistic analysis of referential process of dreams during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 24 No. 2 (2021): SPECIAL ISSUE "Working on dreams, from psychotherapy to neuroscience"
- Marjolein M. W. Koementas-de Vos, Lucas C. Colleye, Bea Tiemens, Fabiana Engelsbel, Kim de Jong, Cilia L. M. Witteman, M. Annet Nugter, The feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of a feedback-informed group treatment (FIGT) tool for patients with anxiety or depressive disorders , Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process and Outcome: Vol. 25 No. 3 (2022): SPECIAL ISSUE: "Group psychotherapy: between settled benchmarks and new horizons"
<< < 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 > >>
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.
